ज्ञान-विज्ञान

Ho${Z`mVrb nwamVÎd g§emoYH$m§Zm CËIZZmV 2.9 Xebj dfmªnyduÀ`m _mZdm§Zr dmnabobr XJS>r AdOmao gmnS>br AmhoV. hr AdOmao AmVmn`ªVÀ`m gdm©V OwÝ`m XJS>r AdOmam§n¡H$s EH$ R>abr AmhoV. {deof åhUOo `m AdOmam§Mm dmna Ho$di AmYw{ZH$ _mZdmMo nyd©O Agboë`m hmo_mo go{n`ÝgZr Ho$bobm ZgyZ _mZdmÀ`m AÝ` emIm§_Yrb bmoH$m§Zrhr Ho$bm Amho. `m XJS>r AdOmam§Mm dmna nmUKmoS>çmMo _m§g H$mT>Ê`mgmR>r VgoM \$im§Mm Ja H$mT>Ê`mgmR>rhr Ho$bm OmV Ago. `mM {R>H$mUr _mZdmMm …

‘¶yE\$Amo’ qH$dm “`y\$mo’åhUOo “AZAm`S>|{Q>\$mB©S> âbmBªJ Am°ãOoŠQ>g². hm eãX ghgm E{b`ÝgÀ`m H${WV H$em JyT> A§Vami`mZm§er OmoS>bm OmV AgVmo. _amR>rV Ë`mbm CS>Vr V~H$S>r’Ago åhQ>bo OmVo. Aem CS>Ë`m V~H$S>çm§_YyZ naJ«hmdarb bmoH$ n¥Ïdrda `oV AgVmV Ago åhQ>bo OmVo. OJ^amVyZ Aem “`y\$mo’nm{hë`m Joë`mMo Xmdo H$aÊ`mV Ambobo AmhoV. AmVm A_o[aHo$Mo bîH$ar _w»`mb` “n|Q>°Jm°Z’H$Sy>Zhr `m~m~VMm Aä`mg H$aÊ`mV Ambm Amho. n|Q>Jm°ZMo Am°b-S>mo_oZ EZmo_br aoOmoë`weZ Am°{\$g (EEgAmaAmo) Mo à_wI …

dQ> nm¡{U©‘obm dS>mMr nyOm H$aʶmMr àmMrZ na§nam Amnë¶m H$S>o Amho. ‘hm^maVm ‘Yrb Or H$mhr Cnm»¶mZo AmhoV, ˶m‘ܶo gm{dÌrMohr EH$ Cnm»¶mZ Amho d ˶mÀ¶mer {ZJ{S>V hr na§nam Amho. gm{dÌrÀ¶m H$WoV ^maVr¶ órÀ¶m VoOñdrVoMo X¡{X߶‘mZ Xe©Z KS>Vo. gm{dÌrMo dS>rb AœnVr ¶m§Zr An˶àmárgmR>r XrK©H$mi Vnñ¶m Ho$br hmoVr. gm{dÌrXodrZo H$ݶm àmárMm Amerdm©X {Xë¶mZo Vo AmZ§XÿZ Jobo hmoVo. Amnë¶m H$ݶobm ˶m§Zr hdm Vgm da {ZdS>ʶmMo …

AmVm ñ_mQ>©\$moZMr gÔr g§nÊ`mMr {MÝho {Xgy bmJbr AmhoV. {g_ gnmoQ>© Agbobo n{hbo BAa\$moZ AmVm gmXa H$aÊ`mV Ambo AmhoV. \$moZ{edm`M H$m°bda ~mobVm `oD$ eHo$b. nydu dm`S>© BAa\$moZ bmoH${à` hmoVo. AmVm H$mimà_mUoM ZoH$~±S> Am{U dm`abog BAa~S>g² bmoH${à` Pmbo AmhoV. EEZgr Am{U Q>M H§$Q´>mob AmXr AZoH$ àH$maMr d¡{eîQ>ço `m_Ü`o {XgVmV. `mdfu _mo~mB©b dëS>© H$m°±J«og AWm©V “E_grS>ãë`y 2023’_Ü`o “_m`_mZy’ZmdmÀ`m H§$nZrZo OJmVrb _{hbo 4 Or-H$ZoŠQ>oS> …

àmMrZ ^maVr` g§ñH¥$VrZo OJmbm {Xbobr AZ_mob XoUIr åhUOo `moJ{dÚm. Ë`m_Ü`oM Ü`mZmMm g_mdoe hmoVmo. Ü`mZmZo Ho$di AmÜ`mpË_H$M Zìho VZ-_ZmÀ`m Amamo½`mgmR>rMohr AZoH$ bm^ hmoV AgVmV. Ü`mZmZo _Z g§`V ~ZVo Am{U Am§V[aH$ em§Vr {_iVo. _|XÿVrb VUmd H$_r H$aÊ`mMr j_Vm Ü`mZm_Ü`o AgVo `mMr nwï>r g§emoYZmVyZ Pmbr Amho. {Ìd|Ð_ `oWrb lr {MÌm {Vê$Zb BpÝñQ>Q>çyQ> Am°\$ _o{S>H$b gm`Ýgog A±S> Q>oŠZm°bm°Or_Yrb d¡km{ZH$m§Zm AmT>ibo H$s Ü`mZm_wio _§oXÿÀ`m AZoH$ …

~hþVoH$ dmhZo gÜ`m noQ´>mob, {S>Pob, grEZOrda YmdV AmhoV; _mÌ H$Yr Zm H$Yr `m D$Om© gmYZm§Mm gmR>m g§nUma Amho. `m_wio AmVmnmgyZM noQ´>mob Am{U {S>Pobbm n`m©` emoYÊ`mV `oV Amho. `mgmR>r AmVm {c{W`_À`m ~°Q>arda YmdUmar dmhZo V`ma H$aÊ`mda ^a XoÊ`mV `oV Amho. _mÌ, gÜ`m {b{W`_Mr _mJUr OmñV Am{U gmR>o H$_r, AdñWm Pmbr Amho. `m_wio gmo{S>`_À`m n`m©`mMm {dMma Ho$bm OmV Amho. emókm§À`m _Vo B§YZ …

AmVmn`ªV, AmoPmoZ Wambm hmZr nmohmoMdUmao nXmW© åhUyZ âbmoarZ Am{U ~«mo_mBZ `m {deof nXmWmªZm AmoiIbo OmV hmoVo. Á`mV Šbmoamoâ`wamoH$m~©Zbm gdm©V à_wI _mZbo OmV hmoVo. 1970 À`m XeH$mV A§Q>mpŠQ>©H$mdarb AmoPmoZ WamV nS>boë`m {N>ÐmgmR>r hmM nXmW© O~m~Xma Agë`mMo _mZbo OmV hmoVo. ŠbmoamoâbwamoH$m~©ZMr {Z{_©Vr Ho$di _mZdr H¥$Vr_wio hmoVo. `m_wio `mda H$S>H$ {Z~ªY bmXÊ`mV Ambo Am{U Ë`mMo gH$mamË_H$ n[aUm_ {Xgy bmJbo. Joë`m H$mhr dfmªV AmoPmoZ …

~§Jiya `oWrb ^maVr` {dkmZ g§ñWoVrb (Am`Am`Eggr) H$m~©{ZH$ agm`Z {d^mJ Am{U gm_J«r AZwg§YmZ H|$ÐmÀ`m g§emoYH$m§Zr ho Xe©dbo Amho H$s {ÛAm`m_r _mo{bãS>oZ_ S>m`gë\$mB©S> (2 S>r-E_AmoEg 2) Z°ZmoerQ>À`m n¥ð>^mJmbm gwYm[aV H$ê$Z {Vbm A{YH$ Cn`wº$ ~Zdbo OmD$ eH$Vo. Aem gwYmarV Z°ZmoerQ>Mm Cn`moJ amoJJ«ñV noetn`ªV Am¡fY nmohmoMdÊ`mgma»`m à`moJm§gmR>r hmoD$ eH$Vmoo. Cn`wº$VoÀ`m AmYmamda Z°Zmo _Q>o[a`ëgZm Ë`m§À`m j_VoVrb gwYmaUogmR>r g§emo{YV qH$dm AZwHy${bV H$aÊ`mMr Amdí`H$Vm AgVo. gd©gmYmanUo Ë`m§Z …

A§S>r åhQ>bo H$s, Amnë`m S>moù`m§g_moa ghgm H$m|~S>rMr A§S>rM `oVmV; _mÌ OJ^amVrb bmoH$m§À`m AmhmamV AÝ`hr H$mhr àH$maMr A§S>r AgVmV. Ë`m_Ü`o “H°${dAa’Mm g_mdoe hmoVmo. “H°${dAa’bm lr_§Vm§Mm AmdS>Vm nXmW© Ago åhQ>bo OmVo Am{U Ë`m_mJo ~arM H$maUo AmhoV. ho Ho$di {Xgm`bmM gw§Xa Zmhr Va, Ë`mMm aoe_r nmoV, _mem§Mr Md Am{U _moË`m§gmaIm {XgUmam hm nXmW© AZoH$m§ZZm AmdS>Vmo. {deof åhUOo H$YrH$mir “H°${dAa’bm J[a~mMo ImÚ Ago åhQ>bo …

dH©$ \«$m°_ hmo_, Kar ~gyZ XrK©H$mi do~gr[aO nmhUo, gVV \$moZ gwê$ AgUo Am{U Ë`mH$[aVm VmgZ² Vmg BAa\$moÝgMm dmna H$aÊ`mMo à_mU h„r dmT>V Mmbbo Amho. `m_wio S>moHo$XþIr, H$mZ XþIUo Aem g_ñ`m nmhm`bm {_iVmV. VÁkm§À`m _Vo, BAa\$moZÀ`m A{Vdmnam_wio EoH$Ê`mMr j_Vm H$_r hmoVo. H$mZmMm nS>Xm ìhm`~«oQ> ìhm`bm bmJVmo. XÿaMm AmdmO EoH$Ê`mV Ìmg hmoVmo. `m_wio Vwåhmbm ~{haonUmXoJrb `oD$ eH$Vmo. VgoM H$mZ XþIUo, S>moHo$XþIr, Pmon …