~m°crdyS>À`m M§Xoar ZJar_Ü`o Zer~ AmO_mdÊ`mgmR>r XoemÀ`m gd© àm§VmVyZ à{V^md§V H$cmd§V `oV AgVmV. BWo àmXo{eH$dmXmcm \$mago ñWmZ ZgyZ A{^Z`j_Vm, H$m¡eë` `m§Mm {dMma àmYmÝ`mZo Ho$cm OmVmo. H$maU a{gH$àojH$ ho A§{V_V… H$cocm XmX XoV AgVmV. _mÌ Varhr AmnU amÁ`{Zhm` {dMma Ho$ë`mg ~m°crdyS>_Ü`o Á`mà_mUo ~§Jmcr H$cmH$mam§Mr ^mD$JXu {XgyZ `oVo VemM àH$mao h[a`mUmVrc H$cmH$mam§Mr g§»`mhr BWo _moR>r Amho. Amo_ nwar, Owhr Mmcdcm, gVre H$m¡{eH$, Am{XË` Mmoàm, _{„H$m eoamdV `m§À`mnmgyZ Vo AcrH$S>oM {_g dëS>©Mm {IVm~ nQ>H$mdUmè`m _mZwfr {N>„an`ªV AZoH$ h[a`mUdtZr {gZog¥ï>rV Amncm R>gm C_Q>dcm Amho.
h[a`mZm ho XoemVrb gYZ amÁ`m§n¡H$s EH$ _mZbo OmVo. h[a`mZm amÁ`mZo XoemÀ`m g§ajUmV Zoh_rM àmUmMr ~mOr bmdbr Amho. ^maVr` bîH$amV h[a`mZmÀ`m `wdH$m§Mr g§»`m bjUr` Amho. EdT>oM Zmhr Va _¡XmZmVhr h[a`mZmMoM `wdH$-`wdVr nwT>o AgVmV. Am°{bqnH$nXH$ {dOoVm ZraO Mmoàm ho VmOo CXmhaU. åhUyZ AmOÀ`m H$mimV h[a`mZmÀ`m N>moam-N>moar `m H$moUË`mM ~m~VrV _mJo Zmhr. h[a`mZmVrb H$bmH$ma XoIrb ~m°{bdyS>_Ü`o M_H$bo AmhoV. qhXr {MÌnQ>mV h[a`mZdr ^mfoMm à^md XoIrb Amnë`mg nmhd`mg {_iVmo. h[a`ZmVrb AZoH$ Zm_m§{H$V ^y{_nyÌ ~m°{bdyS> CÚmoJmda amÁ` H$aV AmhoV.
Owhr Mmdbm: 1990 À`m XeH$m§V ~m°{bdyS>Mr AmKmS>rMr Zm{`H$m Owhr Mmdbm hr h[a`mZmMr boH$. OwhrMm OÝ_ 13 Zmoìh|~a 1967 amoOr h[a`mZmÀ`m A§~mbm `oWo Pmbm. {VMo d{S>b ^maVr` àemgH$s` godoV A{YH$mar hmoVo.
aUXrn hþS>m: ~m°{bdyS>Mm X_Xma Zm`H$ aUXrn hþS>mMm OÝ_ hm 20 Am°JñQ> 1976 amoOr h[a`mZmÀ`m amohVH$ `oWo Pmbm. Ë`mMo d{S>b aU~ra qgh hþS>m ho amohVH$_Yrb Zm_m§{H$V S>m°ŠQ>a. aU{Xn hþS>mMo ~mbnU amohVH$_Ü`oM Jobo Amho.
_{„H$m eoamdV: ~m°{bdyS>Mr “hm°Q>’ Zm{`H$m _{„H$m eoamdV XoIrb h[a`mZmMr. {VMo Iao Zmd ar_m bm§~m Amho. {VMm OÝ_ hm {hgma {OëømV EH$m OmQ> Hw$Qw>§~mV Pmbm Amho. {VMo nmbH$ AOyZhr amohVH$_Ü`oM amhVmV.
n[aUrVr Mmoàm: ~m°{bdyS>Mr A{^ZoÌr n[a{UVr MmoàmMm OÝ_ 22 Am°ŠQ>mo~a 1988 amoOr h[a`mZmÀ`m A§~mbm `oWo Pmbm. n[a{UVrMo {ejU A§~mbmÀ`m H$m°Ýìh|Q> Am°\$ Orgg A±S> _oar ñHy$b_Ü`o Pmbo. MmoàmMo d{S>b A§~mbmVrb Zm_m§{H$V CÚmoJnVr AmhoV.
gmoZy {ZJ_: gmoZy {ZJ_Mm OÝ_ 30 Owb¡ 1073 amoOr \$[aXm~mX `oWo Pmbm. Ë`mMo ~mbnU \$[aXm~mX `oWoM Jobo. gmoZy {ZJ_ hm AmOMm AmKmS>rMm Jm`H$ _mZbm OmVmo.
amOHw$_ma amd : ~m°{bdyS>Mo Zm`H$ amOHw$_ma amd `m§Mm OÝ_ 31 Am°JñQ> 1984 amoOr h[a`mZmÀ`m JwéJ«m_ ehamV Pmbm. amOHw$_ma `mMo àmW{_H$ {ejU JwéJ«m_ `oWoM Pmbo. Ë`mZ§Va Ë`mZo {X„r {dÚmnrR>mV AmË_m am_ gZmVZ Y_© H$m°boO_YyZ nXdr KoVbr. Ë`mMo d{S>b gË`àH$me `mXd ho h[a`mZm _hgyb ImË`mV A{YH$mar hmoVo.
_mZwfr {N>„a: 2017 _Ü`o {_g dëS>©Mm {H$Vm~ qOH$Umar _mZwfr {N>„a hr h[a`mZmMr Amho. {VMm OÝ_ 14 _o 1997 amoOr h[a`mZmÀ`m P‚ma {OëømV Pmbm. _mZwfr hr bdH$aM Aj`Hw$_ma `mÀ`mg_doV n¥ÏdramO Mm¡hmZ {MÌnQ>mV nXmn©U H$aV Amho.
O`Xrn AhbmdV: A_oPm°Z àmB_Mr à{gÕ do~ _m{bH$m nmVmi bmoH$_Ü`o hm{Wam_ Mm¡YarÀ`m nmÌmZo à{gÕr {_idUmam ~m°{bdyS>Mm A{^ZoVm O`Xrn AhbmdV hm h[a`mZmMm Amho. Ë`mMm OÝ_ 8 \o$~«wdmar 1978 amoOr amohVH$ {OëømVrb IaH$mam JmdmV Pmbm. amPr {MÌnQ>mVrb O`XrnMr ^y{_H$m bmoH${à` R>abr.
Amo_ nyar: {Xd§JV ~m°{bdyS> A{^ZoVo Amo_ nyar h[a`mZmMo. Ë`m§Mm OÝ_ 18 Am°ŠQ>mo~a 1950 amoOr A§~mbmV Pmbm hmoVm. embo` {ejU nyU© Ho$ë`mZ§Va Ë`m§Zr {X„rÀ`m Z°eZb ñHy$b Am°\$ S´>m_m `oWo A{^Z`mMo YS>o {Jadbo. Amo_ nyar `m§Mo ~mbnU H$ï>mV Jobo. Ë`m§Mo d{S>b aoëdoV H$m_ H$aV hmoVo. Ë`m§À`m Hw$Qw>§~mMr Am{W©H$ pñWVr Mm§Jbr ZìhVr. Amo_ nwar `m§Zr H$moigm Jmoim H$aUo Am{U MhmÀ`m Q>narda ^m§S>o YwÊ`mMohr H$m_ Ho$bo Amho. Ë`m§Zr Amnë`m {MÌnQ> H$ma{H$X©Mr gwadmV _amR>r {MÌnQ> “Kmeram_ H$moVdmb’Zo Ho$br.`m {MÌnQ>mVrb X_Xma ^y{_Ho$_wio Amo_ nwar `m§Zm ghm`H$ A{^ZoVm åhUyZ {\$ë_\o$Aa nwañH$mamZo Jm¡a{dÊ`mV Ambo.
gVre H$m¡{eH$: ~m°{bdyS>Mo {X½JO A{^ZoVo, {X½Xe©H$, {Z_m©Vo gVre H$m¡{eH$ `m§Mm OÝ_ 13 E{àb 1956 amoOr h[a`mZmÀ`m _h|ÐJS> {OëømV Pmbm. Ë`mZ§Va Ë`m§Mo Hw$Qw>§~ {X„rV ñWbm§Va Pmbo. embo` {ejU nyU© Ho$ë`mZ§Va Ë`m§Zr {X„rÀ`m Z°eZb ñHy$b Am°\$ S´>m_m `oWo à{ejU KoVbo. gVre H$m¡{eH$ `m§Zm VrZ ~{hU Am{U ^mD$ AmhoV. H$m¡{eH$ Hw$Qw>§~mVrb H$moU{Vhr ì`º$s {MÌnQ>mV H$m_ H$aV ZìhVr. gVre H$m¡{eH$ `m§Mo dV©Z Zoh_rM Hw$Qw>§~mnojm doJio am{hbo hmoVo. Ë`m_wio Hw$Qw>§~m§Vrb gXñ`m§Zm gVre hm {MÌnQ>mV OmB©b, Ago H$Yrhr dmQ>bo ZdhVo. Ooìhm hr ~m~ Ë`m§Zr Amnë`m ^mdmdg_moa _m§S>>br Voìhm Ë`m§Zm Iyn amJ Ambm. _w§~B©bm OmV Agë`mMo gm§{JVë`mda Ë`m§Mm ^mD$ EdT>m {MS>bm H$s Kamg_moa Agbobr ImQ> Ë`m§§À`mda \o$Hy$Z _mabr. Ë`mM~amo~a XømZo ^abobr ßboQ> XoIrb gVre `m§À`m Vm|S>mda \o$H$br hmoVr. Ë`m§À`m ^mdmZo gVrebm Iyn amoIÊ`mMm à`ËZ Ho$bm. na§Vw Ë`m§Zr EoH$bo Zmhr. eodQ>r 9 Am°JñQ> 1979 amoOr gVre H$m¡{eH$ `m§Zr _w§~B©Mr dmQ> Yabr, Voìhm Ë`m§À`m ^mdmZo hV~b hmoD$Z Ë`m§Zm “JyS> bH$’ Ho$bo.
`enmb e_m©: ~m°{bdyS>Mm AmKmS>rMm Zm`H$ `enmb e_m© hm h[a`mZmVrb {hgma {OëømVrb Amho. {hgma `oWo embo` {ejU nyU© Ho$ë`mZ§Va Ë`mZo {X„rÀ`m Z°eZb ñHy$b Am°\$ S´>m_m `oWo à{ejU KoVbo. bJmZ, J§JmOb, A~ VH$ N>ßnZ, J±J Am°\$ dmgonya Am{U AnhaU gma»`m {MÌnQ>mVyZ `enmb e_m© `m§Zr Amnbr AmoiI {Z_m©U Ho$br Amho. 1990 À`m XeH$mV Vmo {hgma `oWo EH$ Q>m`{nñQ> åhUyZ H$m_ H$aV hmoVm. Voìhm Ë`mg {XdgmH$mR>r Ho$di 18 én`o {_im`Mo. EH$ {Xdg EH$m R>oHo$XmamZo Ë`mbm 300 én`o {Xbo. VrZeo én`o nmhÿZ `enmb X§J Pmbo. H$maU Vr a¸$_ Iyn _moR>r hmoVr. Ë`m§Zr ZH$ma {Xbm. na§Vw Ë`m§Zr O~aXñVrZo 300 én`o R>odbo. hr ~m~ Ë`m§Zr KaÀ`m§Zm gm§{JVbr Voìhm Ë`m§Zm hgy Ambo. Vo åhUmbo H$s, Vwbm Iyn _moR>o H§$ÌmQ> {_imbo Agob. Ë`m_wio Ë`mZo Vwbm OmñV n¡go {Xbo.
_mo{hV AhbmdV: ~m°{bdyS>Mm H$bmH$ma _mo{hV AhbmdV XoIrb h[a`mZmMm. Ë`mMm OÝ_ nm[ZnV ehamV Pmbm. AmVmn`ªV Ë`mZo Ooåg (2005), {edm (2006) Am{U em{JX© (2011) gma»`m {MÌnQ>mV AmKmS>rMr ^y{_H$m gmH$mabr Amho.
`e Q>m|H$: {Q>ìhrdarb H$bmH$ma `e Q>m|H$ `mMm OÝ_ 30 Am°ŠQ>mo~a 1971 amOr ha`mZmÀ`m gmo{ZnV {OëømV Pmbm. Vmo AZoH$ à{gÕ {Q>ìhr _m{bHo$V PiH$bm Amho. `m{edm` ~m°{bdyS>nQ>mVhr Ë`mZo Amnbr N>mn nmS>br Amho.
gwZrb J«moda: à{gÕ hmñ` H$bmH$ma gwZrb J«moda hm h[a`mZmMm Amho. Ë`mMm OÝ_ 3 Am°JñQ> 1977 amoOr h[a`mZmÀ`m {gagm {OëømVrb. embo` {ejU {gagm `oWo nyU© Pmë`mZ§Va M§S>rJS>À`m n§Om~ {dÚmnrR>mVyZ ZmQ>ç {df`mV _mñQ>a {S>J«r àmá Ho$br.
– gmoZ_ na~
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