चौदहवी का चांद

{gZog¥ï> Vrc OwÝ`m Zm{`H$m§_Yrc EH$ AË`§V cmoH${à` Am{U X_Xma A{^Z` H$g~ AgUmar A{^ZoÌr åhUyZ d{hXm ah_mZ `m§Zm {gZoa{gH$m§Mr A\$mQ> cmoH${à`Vm cm^cr. AmVm `§XmÀ`m XmXmgmho~ \$miHo$ nwañH$mamZo Ë`m§Zm Jm¡adÊ`mV `oUma Amho. {ZamJgnUm, cmo^gdmUo gm¢X¶©, Z¥Ë`H$cm{ZnwUVm Am{U CËH¥$ï> A{^Z¶mÀ¶m OmXÿZo d{hXm `m§Zr qhXr {MÌnQ>g¥ï>rVrb àojH$m§À`m _ZmoamÁ`mda XrK©H$mi _mo{hZr KmVcr. d{hXm§nyduÀ¶m A{^ZoÌtZr gm¢X¶©, A{^Z¶ Am{U ‘ohZVrÀ¶m Omoamda àJVr Ho$br. nU d{hXm `m§À`m‘ܶo VrúU ~w{Õ‘Îmm Am{U Z_«nUm `m§§Mm AZmoIm {‘bm’$ hmoVm. Ë`m§Zm AgUmam “H°$_oam goÝg’ A\$cmVyZ hmoVm. `m_wioM Ë`m ¶e Mmoàm, àH$me ‘oham, ‘Z‘mohZ XogmB©, ‘hoe ^Å, amO Imogbm Am{U JwbOma ¶m§gma»¶m {X½JOm§Mr
AmdS>Vr A{^ZoÌr ~Zë`m.
{gZog¥ï>rVrc OwÝ`m Zm{`H$m§_Yrc EH$ AË`§V cmoH${à` Am{U X_Xma A{^Z`H$g~ AgUmar A{^ZoÌr åhUyZ d{hXm ah_mZ `m§Zm {gZoa{gH$m§Mr A\$mQ> cmoH${à`Vm cm^cr. AmVm `§XmÀ`m XmXmgmho~ \$miHo$ nwañH$mamZo Ë`m§Zm Jm¡adÊ`mV `oUma Amho. {ZamJgnUm, cmo^gdmUo gm¢X¶©, Z¥Ë`H$cm{ZnwUVm Am{U CËH¥$ï> A{^Z¶mÀ¶m OmXÿZo d{hXm `m§Zr qhXr {MÌnQ>g¥ï>rVrb àojH$m§À`m _ZmoamÁ`mda XrK©H$mi _mo{hZr KmVcr. d{hXm§nyduÀ¶m A{^ZoÌtZr gm¢X¶©, A{^Z¶ Am{U ‘ohZVrÀ¶m Omoamda àJVr Ho$br. nU d{hXm `m§À`m‘ܶo VrúU ~w{Õ‘Îmm Am{U Z_«nUm `m§§Mm AZmoIm {‘bm’$ hmoVm. Ë`m§Zm AgUmam “H°$_oam goÝg’ A\$cmVyZ hmoVm. `m_wioM Ë`m ¶e Mmoàm, àH$me ‘oham, ‘Z‘mohZ XogmB©, ‘hoe ^Å, amO Imogbm Am{U JwbOma ¶m§gma»¶m {X½JOm§Mr AmdS>Vr A{^ZoÌr ~Zë`m.
~m°crdyS>_Yrc Á`oð> A{^ZoÌr d{hXm ah‘mZ `m§Zm `§XmMm XmXmgmho~ \$miHo$ hm gdm}ÀM nwañH$ma Omhra H$aÊ`mV Amcm Amho. 1950 Vo 1970 hm H$mi qhXr {MÌnQ>g¥ï>rMm gwdU©H$mi ‘mZbm OmVmo. ¶m H$mimV {MÌnQ>g¥ï>rV AZoH$ à¶moJ Va PmcoM; nU AZoH$ CËH¥$ï> H$bmH$mam§À¶m X‘Xma A{^Z¶mMr PcH$hr {gZoa{gH$m§Zm cm^cr. d{hXm ah‘mZ ¶m H$bmH$mam§n¡H$s EH$ hmo˶m. Amnë¶mVrc {ZamJgnUm, cmo^gdmUo gm¢X¶©, Z¥Ë`emòmMo A§Jr ~mUdcoco H$g~ Am{U CËH¥$ï> A{^Z¶mÀ¶m OmXÿZo d{hXm `m§Zr qhXr {MÌnQ>g¥ï>rVrb àojH$m§À`m _ZmoamÁ`mda XrK©H$mi _mo{hZr KmVcr. ˶m H$mimVrb ~hþVoH$ H$bmH$mam§Zm d{hXm§gmo~V H$m‘ H$aʶmMr BÀN>m Agm`Mr. 1955 gmbr “O¶{gåhm’nmgyZ gwê$ Pmbobm d{hXm `m§Mm {MÌnQ> àdmg “a§J Xo ~g§Vr’ Am{U “[X„r 6′ {gZo‘mZ§Vahr gwê$ am{hcm.
d{hXm _yiÀ`m Vm{_iZmSy>À`m. M|JcnÅz> `oWrc EH$m gw{e{jV V{‘i-‘wpñb‘ Hw$Qw>§~mV Ë`m§Mm OÝ_ Pmbm. ˶m§Mo dS>rb {Oëhm X§S>m{YH$margma»¶m Cƒ nXmda hmoVo. ‘mÌ d{hXm§Zm d{S>cm§Mo ào_ \$ma H$mi cm^co Zmhr. Ë`m ZD$ dfmªÀ`m AgVmZm {nË`mMo N>Ì hanco. nwT>o gmV dfmªZr AmB©hr Jocr Am{U Ë`m nmoaŠ`m Pmë`m. d{S>bm§À¶m {ZYZmZ§Va EH$ dfmªZr d{hXm§Zr “amoOwbw ‘amB©’ ¶m VobJy {MÌnQ>mV ~mbH$bmH$mamMr ^y{_H$m Ho$cr. Ë`m§À`m {gZoOJVmVrc àdoemMm Vmo AmoZm_m hmoVm. Vmon¶ªV Ë`m ^aV ZmQ>ç‘À`m CËH¥$ï> Z¥Ë¶m§JZm ~Zë`m hmoË`m. {MÌnQ>g¥ï>rÀ¶m ‘w»¶ àdmhmV ¶oʶmgmR>r YS>nS>V AgVmZm à{gÕ A{^ZoVo Am{U {Z‘m©Vo-{X½Xe©H$ JwéXÎm ¶m§À¶mer Ë`m§Mm g§nH©$ Amcm. 1956 ‘ܶo JwéXÎm ¶m§Zr Xod AmZ§XÀ`m “grAm¶S>r’‘ܶo d{hXm ah‘mZ `m§Zm IbZm¶H$mÀ¶m ^y{‘Ho$V H$mñQ> Ho$bo Am{U hm {MÌnQ> ~m°³g Am°{’$gda gwna{hQ> R>abm. ¶mZ§Va 1957 ‘ܶo Jwé XÎm Am{U d{hXm ah‘mZ ¶m§Mm ³bm{gH$ {MÌnQ> ‘߶mgm’ [abrO Pmbm. Ë`mZ§Va JwéXÎm `m§À`mgmo~V d{hXm ah_mZ `m§Zr “H$mJO Ho$ \y$c’, “Mm¡Xdr H$m Mm§X’, “gm{h~, ~r~r Am¡a Jwcm_’ `m§gmaIo {MÌnQ> Ho$co. d{hXm ah‘mZ Am{U Xod AmZ§X `m§Mr OmoS>r Ë`mH$mimV àM§S> JmOcr hmoVr. `§XmMo df© ho Xod gmho~m§Mo OÝ_ eVmãXr df© åhUyZ gmOao hmoV AgVmZm Ë`m§À`m ghZm{`Ho$cm {gZo g¥ï>rVrc gdm}ÀM nwañH$ma Omhra hmoUo, hm EH$ JmoS> `moJm`moJ åhUm`cm hdm. ¶m XmoKm§Zr qhXr {MÌnQ> g¥ï>rbm nmM gwna{hQ> {MÌnQ> {Xbo hmoVo. ho {MÌnQ> åhUOo grAm`S>r, gmochdm gmc, H$mbm ~mOma, ~mV EH$ amV H$s Am{U JmB©S>. ¶m{edm¶ “ê$n H$s amZr Mmoam| H$m amOm’ Am{U ‘ào‘ nwOmar’ `m {MÌnQ>mVhr Xod AmZ§X Am{U d{hXm§Mr OmoS>r g‘rjH$m§Mr ng§Vr {_idyZ Jocr. “JmB©S>’_Yrc d{hXm§Zr gmH$macoë`m amoPrÀ`m ì`pŠVaoIoMo Am{U A{^Z`mMo Ë`mdoir àM§S> H$m¡VwH$ Pmco hmoVo. Amnë¶m nVrbm gmoSy>Z {VÀ¶m {à¶H$amer ào‘g§~§Y R>odUmè`m EH$m _{hcoMr H$Wm VËH$mcrZ gm_mÝ` ^maVr` Hw$Qw>§~mcm _mÝ` hmoUmar ZìhVr; na§Vw d{hXm Am{U Xodgmho~ `m§À`m A{^Z`m_wio hm {MÌnQ> gwna{hQ> R>acm. 1960 Mo XeH$ d{hXm ah‘mZÀ¶m H$ma{H$XugmR>r A˶§V ¶eñdr ‘mZbo nm{hOo. ¶m H$mimV, gwna{hQ> {MÌnQ> XoʶmV Ë`m g‘H$mbrZ A{^ZoÌt‘ܶo AmKmS>rda am{hë`m. “~rg gmc ~mX’, “H$moham’, “am_ Am¡a í`m_’, “nËWa Ho$ gZ_’, “EH$ \y$c Mma H$m§Q>o’, “_wPo OrZo Xmo’, _oar ^m^r `m§gma»`m {MÌnQ>m§Zr d{hXm `m§Mr H$ma{H$X© CÎmamoÎma ~haV am{hcr. AWm©V, `mH$mimV Ë`m§À`m H$mhr {MÌnQ>m§Zr {V{H$Q> {IS>H$sda AmnQ>rhr Im„r. geº$ H$WmZH$ Am{U {MÌnQ> g‘rjH$m§H$Sy>Z àe§gm {_iyZhr, 1966 ‘ܶo Amcocm “{Vgar H$g‘’ Am{U 1971 ‘ܶo Amcocm “aoí‘m Am¡a eoam’ `m {MÌnQ>m§Zm ~m°Šg Am°{\$gda {Zamem nËH$amdr cmJcr. 1974 ‘ܶo VËH$mbrZ gwnañQ>ma A{^ZoVo amOoe IÞm `m§À`mgmo~VMm “Im‘moer’ {MÌnQ> ~m°³g Am°{’$gda Mm§JbmM ¶eñdr R>abm. 1959 Vo 1964 Xaå¶mZ, d{hXm ah‘mZ gdm©{YH$ ‘mZYZ KoUmè¶m A{^ZoÌtÀ¶m ¶mXrV {Vgè¶m ñWmZmda hmoË`m. 1966 Vo 1969 ¶m H$mimV g‘H$mbrZ A{^ZoÌr Z§Xm Am{U ZyVZ ¶m§À¶mgmo~V ˶m ¶m ¶mXrV Xþgè¶m ñWmZmda hmo˶m. A{^ZoÌr Z§Xm hr d{hXm§À¶m OdiÀ¶m ‘¡{ÌUtn¡H$s EH$ hmoVr. 1960 ‘ܶo àX{e©V Pmboë¶m “H$mbm ~mOma’ ¶m {MÌnQ>mV XmoKm§Zr ghH$bmH$mamÀ¶m ^y{‘H$m Ho$ë¶m hmo˶m.
{ddmhmZ§Va d{hXm§Zr {MÌnQ>mVrb Amnbm A{^Z¶ H$‘r H$_r H$aV Zocm. 1976 Vo 1994 ¶m H$mimV ˶m§Zr Odinmg 24 {MÌnQ>m§‘ܶo N>moQ>çm ^y{‘H$m Ho$ë¶m. ¶m_Ü`o AXmbV, H$^r H$^r, {Ìeyb, Z‘H$ hbmb, {hå‘Vdmbm, Hw$br, ‘emb, A„mh aIm, Mm§XZr Am{U båh| `m§Mm g_mdoe hmoVm. 2000 ‘ܶo nVrÀ¶m {ZYZmZ§Va Ë`m§Zr nwÝhm EH$Xm A{^Z¶mÀ¶m Xþ{Z¶oV nwZamJ‘Z Ho$bo. “AXmbV’ {MÌnQ>mV d{hXm§Zr A{‘Vm^ ~ƒZ ¶m§À¶m ‘¡{ÌUrMr ^y{‘H$m Ho$br hmoVr, Va “{Ìeyb’‘ܶo Ë`m A{_Vm^À`m AmB©À`m ^y{_Ho$V hmoË`m.
d{hXm ¶m§Zr {MÌnQ>g¥ï>rV àdoe Ho$cm Ë`mH$mimV XoemV {ejU Am{U gm{h˶mgmR>r AZwHy$b dmVmdaU V¶ma hmoV hmoVo. nyduÀ¶m Zm{¶H$m {VV³¶m {eH$boë¶m Zìh˶m. nU d{hXm ¶m§Zr {dMmanyd©H$ `m joÌmV àdoe H$aVmZm Z¥Ë¶ à{ejU Am{U {ejU KoVco. VrZ {nT>çm§Mr AmdS>Vr A{^ZoÌr hmoʶmMo ^m½¶ Ë`m§Zm cm~co. AË`§V em§V, hþema Am{U g§¶‘r A{^ZoÌr åhUyZ Ë`m§Mr AmoiI Ad¿`m {gZog¥ï>rV Amho. Hw$eb Z¥Ë¶m§JZm Agë¶mZo d{hXm ¶m§À¶mgmR>r {MÌnQ>m§Vrb g§YtMr Xmao CKSy> bmJbr.
d{hXm§nyduÀ¶m A{^ZoÌtZr gm¢X¶©, A{^Z¶ Am{U ‘ohZVrÀ¶m Omoamda àJVr Ho$br. nU d{hXm `m§À`m‘ܶo AmUIr EH$ Jmoï> hmoVr, Vr åhUOo ~m¡{ÕH$ doJionU qH$dm VrúU ~w{Õ‘Îmm Am{U Z_«nUm `m§§Mm AZmoIm {‘bm’$. Ë`m§Zm AgUmam “H°$_oam goÝg’ A\$cmVyZ hmoVm. A{^Z¶ H$aVmZm H°$‘oè¶mg‘moa Amnë¶mbm H$go Am{U {H$Vr gmXa ìhm`Mo Amho, `mMo ^mZ Ë`m§Zm H$m`_ Agm`Mo. “{Vgar H$g‘’_Yrc hram~mB©, “߶mgm’ _Yrc Jwbm~mo `m§gma»`m ì`pŠVaoIm gmH$maVmZm d{hXm§Mo ^wai nmS>Umao ^md {ZamJg Am{U Z¡g{J©H$ dmQ>V. `m_mJMo ahñ` åhUOo Ë`m§Mr A{^Z`e¡cr. “Mm¡Xdr H$m Mm§X’‘ܶo Amnë¶m nVrda ‘ZmnmgyZ ào‘ H$aUmar ì`pŠVaoIm gmH$maVmZm d{hXm§À`m A{^Z`mVyZ {Xgcocm g_{n©V ^md AOmoS> hmoVm. `m_wioM Ë`m ¶e Mmoàm, àH$me ‘oham, ‘Z‘mohZ XogmB©, ‘hoe ^Å, amO Imogbm Am{U JwbOma ¶m§gma»¶m {X½JOm§Mr AmdS>Vr A{^ZoÌr ~Zë`m. XmXmgmho~ \$miHo$ nwañH$mamZo gÝ_mZ hmoUo hm Ë`m§À`m AmOdaÀ`m H$ma{H$XuVcm gdm}ÀM q~Xÿ åhUmdm cmJoc.
-gmoZ_ na~