इतिहास कमी; नाट्य अधिक!

Eo{Vhm{gH$ {MÌnQ> ho _w»`V… H$Wm Am{U X§VH$Wm§da AmYm[aV AgVmV. B{VhmgmMr gË`Vm Ë`m§À`mV H$YrM gmnS>V Zmhr. àojH$m§Zm Jw§VdyZ R>odÊ`mgmR>r boIH$ AZoH$ òmoVm§_YyZ gm_J«r EH$Ì H$aVmV. åhUyZM Ago åhUVmV H$s, {MÌnQ>m§_Ü`o XmI{dbobm B{Vhmg H$YrM A{YH¥$V ZgVmo. {MÌnQ> {Z_m©Vo {MÌnQ>mMm B{Vhmg amo_±{Q>H$ H$aVmV Am{U Vmo Zm°ñQ>opëO`m åhUyZ gmXa H$aVmV. Aem {MÌnQ>m§_Ü`o àmg§{JH$Vonojm àojH$m§À`m AmdS>rH$S>o A{YH$ bj {Xbo OmVo.
Omo nwñVH$mV Zm|X{dbobm AgVmo, Agm EH$ B{Vhmg AgVmo Am{U Ë`mVrb dñVwpñWVrda H$moUmMohr Amjon ZgVmV. H$maU Ë`m B{VhmgmMo Hw$R>oVar nwamdo AgVmV. àË`oH$ XoemMm ñdV…Mm B{Vhmg AgVmo VgmM Amnë`m Xoembmhr eVH$mZweVH$m§Mm B{Vhmg Amho. Amnbm B{Vhmg amoMH$ Amho, H$maU BWo AµZEI eoOmar Xoem§À`m amÁ`H$Ë`mªZr AmH«$_Uo Ho$br. Am_À`m amOm§er Ë`m§Mr àXrK©H$mi bT>mB© gwê$ hmoVr Am{U _J B§J«Om§À`m H$mimVgwÕm hmM B{Vhmg doJù`m Ñ{ï>H$moZmVyZ nmhm`bm {_imbm. na§Vw hm g§nyU© B{Vhmg {MÌnQ>mÀ`m nS>Úmda XmI{dë`m OmUmè`m B{Vhmgmnojm IynM doJim Amho. B{VhmgmVrb EH$ N>moQ>mgm àg§J {MÌnQ>mMr H$Wm ~ZdyZ àojH$m§g_moa R>odbm OmVmo. {MÌnQ>mÀ`m B{VhmgmV Zoh_rà_mUo Zm`H$ AqOŠ` amhVmo Am{U ào_ hm Ë`mÀ`m OrdZnQ>mMm EH$ ^mJ AgVmo. B{VhmgmMo {MÌU H$aUmao gd©M {MÌnQ> AmVmn`ªV B{VhmgmVrb dmñVdmÀ`m nbrH$S>o Jobo AmhoV! _wJbo AmP_gmaIo AZoH$ {MÌnQ> V`ma Ho$bo Jobo Am{U Ë`m§Mm Iè`m B{Vhmgmer H$mhrhr g§~§Y ZìhVm! _wJbo AmP_ hr nyU©nUo H$mën{ZH$ H$Wm hmoVr Am{U Vr Iar Agë`mMo àojH$m§Zm dmQ>bo hmoVo. dmñV{dH$, `m {MÌnQ>mMo H$WmZH$ àojH$m§Mr AmdS> {dMmamV KoD$Z V`ma H$aÊ`mV Ambo. AemM àH$mao AZoH$ {MÌnQ>m§À`m H$Wm§H$S>o ~moQ>o XmIdbr Jobr. `m {MÌnQ>m§Zr Ë`mVrb Eo{Vhm{gH$ dmñVd Iao Agë`mMm Xmdm Ho$bm hmoVm; na§Vw Vmo B{Vhmg Iam hmoVmM Ago Zmhr.
B{Vhmgmdarb {MÌnQ>{Z{_©VrMohr XmoZ ^mJ AmhoV. EH$ ñdmV§Í`nyd© Am{U Xþgam ñdmV§Í`moÎma. ñdmV§Í`nyd© H$mimV B{Vhmg nmhÊ`mMm Am{U XmIdÊ`mMm Ñ{ï>H$moZ doJim hmoVm. Amnbm EH$ A{^_mZmñnX B{Vhmg Agë`mMr ^mdZm àojH$m§À`m _ZmV ^abr OmV Ago. Aem {MÌnQ>m§Zr àojH$m§Zm B§J«Om§{déÕ bT>Ê`mg ào[aV Ho$bo nm{hOo, Agmhr Ñ{ï>H$moZ {MÌnQ> {Z_m©Ë`m§À`m _ZmV Ago. H$YrH$Yr {MÌnQ> {Z_m©Ë`m§Zm goÝgm°aer PJS>mdo bmJbo. goÝgm°aÀ`m X~mdmImbr AZoH$ {MÌnQ>m§Mr Zmdo Am{U JmUr ~XbÊ`mV Ambr. Ë`m doir amï´>r` ^mdZmhr {eJobm nmohmoMë`m hmoË`m. gmh{OH$M {MÌnQ> {Z_m©Ë`m§Mrhr VrM ^mdZm AgUo ñdm^m{dH$ hmoVo. ñdmV§Í`mnydu B{Vhmgmer {ZJS>rV Agbobo AZoH$ {MÌnQ> V`ma Pmbo. Ë`mV dOmhV {_Pm© `m§À`m ~m~a {MÌnQ>mMm VgoM H$_b am°` `m§À`m ehoZemh AH$~a `m {MÌnQ>mMm g_mdoe hmoVm.
_oh~y~ ImZ `m§Zr hw_m`y§, E. Ama. H$maXma `m§Zr ehoZemh, O`§V XogmBªZr VmZgoZ Am{U M§ÐJwá ho {MÌnQ> V`ma Ho$bo. am_emór (1944) hmXoIrb `m H$mimVrb EH$ g§ñ_aUr` {MÌnQ> hmoVm. `m_Ü`o JOmZZ OhmJraXma `m§Zr Ý`m`_yVu am_emótMr ^y{_H$m Ho$br hmoVr. am_emótZr IwÔ noeì`m§Zm hË`oÀ`m JwÝøm~Ôb {ejm gwZmdbr hmoVr. `mM H$mimV {h_m§ey hm` Am{U Xo{dH$m amUr `m§Mm H$_©, Oo. ~r. EM. Dm{S>`m `m§Mm bmb-E-`_Z, XodH$s ~mog `m§Mm nyaU ^JV Am{U 1933 _Ü`o _ram~mB© ho {MÌnQ> PiH$bo. ho Ago {MÌnQ> hmoVo Á`m§Mo H$WmZH$ Xoer Am{U {dXoer amOKamÊ`m§_Yrb KQ>Zm§er g§~§{YV hmoVo. Ho$. Eb. ghJb `m§Zr nr. gr. ~éAm `m§À`m ê$n boIm_Ü`o g_«mQ> AemoH$mMr ^y{_H$m gmH$mabr hmoVr. H$mhr bmoH${à` Eo{Vhm{gH$ _yH$ {MÌnQ> Z§Va ~mobHo$hr H$aÊ`mV Ambo. 1930 _Ü`o V`ma Ho$bobm Am{Xb-E Ohm§Jra 1939 _Ü`o nwÝhm V`ma H$aÊ`mV Ambm. {deof åhUOo 1955 _Ü`o Or. nr. {gßnr `m§Zr `mM H$Woda àXrn Hw$_ma Am{U _rZm Hw$_mar `m§À`mg_doV {MÌnQ>mMm [a_oH$ Ho$bm hmoVm. XoemÀ`m ñdmV§Í`mnydu _w§~B©, nwUo Am{U H$moëhmnya hr {MÌnQ> {Z{_©VrMr à_wI H|$Ðo hmoVr. _amR>r {MÌnQ> {Z_m©Ë`m§Zr `m {MÌnQ>m§_Ü`o _amR>çm§Mm B{Vhmg Am{U Ë`mVrb nmÌm§Zm _hÎd {Xbo hmoVo. _amR>rgmo~VM Ë`m§Zr qhXrVhr Aem {MÌnQ>m§Mr {Z{_©Vr Ho$br hmoVr. Ë`mV ìhr. em§Vmam_, Xm_bo Am{U O`§V XogmB© hr à_wI Zmdo hmoV. Ë`m§Zr noedo, goZmnVr Am{U gm_«mÁ`mer g§~§{YV AZoH$ ì`{º$aoIm§da AmYm[aV {MÌnQ> V`ma Ho$bo. ho Ago {MÌnQ> hmoVo Á`m_wio {~«{Q>eH$mimV Xoem{^_mZmMm A§Jma \w$bbm hmoVm. Ë`mM H$mimV E. Ama. H$maXma `m§Zr M§ÐJwá hm {MÌnQ> V`ma Ho$bm. `m {MÌnQ>mV Jwb h_rX, g{~Vm Xodr Am{U ZOra Ah_X ImZ `m§Zr ^y{_H$m Ho$ë`m hmoË`m. `m {MÌnQ>mÀ`m `emZo H$mobH$Ë`mV E. Ama. H$maXma `m§Zm ~arM bmoH${à`Vm {_imbr. Ho$. Eb. ghJb `m§À`mgmo~VM nhmar gÝ`mb Am{U ào_m§Hw$a AQ>moWu `m§Zr Á`yO Jb© {MÌnQ> {X½X{e©V Ho$bm hmoVm. hm {MÌnQ>EH$m H$mpí_ar ZmQ>H$mda AmYm[aV hmoVm.
1939 _Ü`o Amboë`m gmoham~ _moXr `m§À`m nwH$ma {MÌnQ>mMr H$Wm g_«mQ> Ohm§JraÀ`m Ý`m`mda AmYm[aV hmoVr. ñdmV§Í`mnydu Ë`m§Zr {gH§$Xa, n¥Ïdr d„^, Pm§gr H$s amZr, {_Pm© Jm{b~ Am{U EH$ {XZ H$m gwbVmZ Ago {MÌnQ> V`ma Ho$bo. ^ì` {MÌnQ>m§À`m _mÜ`_mVyZ Ë`m§Zr Eo{Vhm{gH$ {MÌnQ>m§Mo OUy {ZH$fM àñWm{nV Ho$bo hmoVo Am{U Vo BVam§gmR>r AZwH$aUr` R>abo. na§Vw Ë`m§À`m {MÌnQ>m§_Ü`ohr B{Vhmg H$_r Am{U ZmQ>çM OmñV hmoVo. {gH§$Xa hm Ë`m§Mm gdmªV `eñdr {MÌnQ> hmoVm. gmoham~ _moXr `m§Zr 1953 _Ü`o Pm§gr H$s amZr {MÌnQ>mMo {X½Xe©Zhr Ho$bo hmoVo. 1956 _Ü`o àX{e©V Pmbobm hm {MÌnQ> B§J«Or ^mfoVhr S>~ H$aÊ`mV Ambm hmoVm. 1960 _Ü`o V`ma Pmbobm _wJbo AmP_ hm Eo{Vhm{gH$ {MÌnQ>m§À`m _m{bHo$Vrb gdmªV `eñdr {MÌnQ> Amho. hm {MÌnQ> 1960 _Ü`o àX{e©V Pmbm hmoVm; na§Vw Ë`mÀ`mda 1944 nmgyZM H$m_ gwê$ hmoVo.
AmOÀ`m g§X^m©V Eo{Vhm{gH$ {MÌnQ>m§H$S>o nm{hë`mg AmewVmof Jmodm[aH$a `m§À`m nm{ZnV `m {MÌnQ>mV 17 ì`m eVH$mVrb A\$JmU g¡Ý` Am{U _amR>o `m§À`mVrb nm{ZnV `wÕmMo {MÌrH$aU H$aÊ`mV Ambo hmoVo. V»V `m {MÌnQ>mbmhr B{VhmgmMm ñne© hmoVm Va Ë`m§Mm n¥ÏdramO Mm¡hmZ AOyZ `m`Mm Amho. _{UH${U©H$m, nÙmdV Am{U ~mOramd _ñVmZr ho {MÌnQ> àX{e©V Pmbo AmhoV. ZìdXrÀ`m XeH$m{df`r gm§Jm`Mo Pmë`mg 1983 _Ü`o V`ma Ho$bobm a{P`m gwbVmZ hm {MÌnQ> H$_mb A_amohr `m§Zr {X½X{e©V Ho$bm hmoVm. EH$m _{hbm gwbVmZda AmYm[aV `m {MÌnQ>mV Vr EH$m Jwbm_mÀ`m ào_mV nS>Vo. Ë`m_wio Vr qghmgZ J_mdVo. `mZ§Va 2001 _Ü`o AemoH$m àX{e©V Pmbm. Ë`mV emhê$I ImZZo g_«mQ> AemoH$mMr ^y{_H$m Ho$br hmoVr. Ë`mM doir 2005 _Ü`o Amboë`m _§Jb nm§S>o {MÌnQ>mMo H$WmZH$ H«$m§{VH$maH$m§À`m 1857 À`m H«$m§Vrda AmYm[aV hmoVo. Am{_a ImZZo `m {MÌnQ>mV {~«{Q>e B©ñQ> B§{S>`mÀ`m goZoVrb ^maVr` d§emÀ`m g¡{ZH$mMr AWm©V _§Jb nm§S>oMr ^y{_H$m gmH$mabr hmoVr.
2008 _Ü`o AmewVmof JmodmarH$a `m§Zr OmoYm AH$~a {MÌnQ>mMo {X½Xe©Z Ho$bo. Ë`mV ö{VH$ amoeZ Am{U Eoíd`m© am` à_wI ^y{_H$m§_Ü`o hmoVo. 2015 _Ü`o V`ma Pmbobm ~mOramd _ñVmZr {MÌnQ> noedm ~mOramd Am{U _ñVmZr `m§À`m ào_H$Woda AmYm[aV hmoVm. g§O` brbm ^Ýgmir `m§À`m `m {MÌnQ>mV aUdra qgh Am{U Xr{nH$m nXwH$moU _w»` ^y{_Ho$V AmhoV. 2018 _Ü`o ^Ýgmir `m§À`m nÙmdV {MÌnQ>mdê$Z ~amM dmX§J Pmbm. `m {MÌnQ>mMo Zmd àma§^r nÙmdVr Ago hmoVo. `m {MÌnQ>mV X{nH$m nXþH$moU, aU{da qgh Am{U em{hX H$nya _w»` ^y{_Ho$V hmoVo. H§$JZm amUm¡VZo 2019 À`m _{UH${U©H$m… X {¹$Z Am°\$ Pm§gr `m {MÌnQ>mV amUr bú_r~mBªMr ^y{_H$m gmH$mabr hmoVr. hm {MÌnQ> 1857 À`m H«$m§Vrda ~ZdÊ`mV Ambm hmoVm. ñdmV§Í`mnydu ~Zdboë`m Eo{Vhm{gH$ {MÌnQ>m§Zr _Zmoa§OZmgmo~V B{VhmgmMr AmoiI Z¸$sM H$ê$Z {Xbr. nU, Ago {MÌnQ> àojH$m§À`m a§OZmgmR>rM AgVmV. Iao Va `m Eo{Vhm{gH$ {MÌnQ>m§Zm dmñVdmda AmYm[aV H$mën{ZH$ H$Wm åhUVm `oB©b. Ë`m_wio {MÌnQ> {Z_m©Ë`m§Mr {dMmagaUr Am{U _mZ{gH$Vm bjmV KoVbr Va `m Eo{Vhm{gH$ {MÌnQ>m§dê$Z Pmboë`m dmXm§_Yrb gË` ghO bjmV `oB©b.
– gmoZ_ na~