Vwé§J hm {Z_m©Ë`m§gmR>r Zoh_rM Hw$VwhbmMm {df` am{hbm Amho Am{U àojH$m§gmR>r Vo EImÚm JwT> H$WogmaIo AgVo. Vwé§JmVrb {díd, H$moR>S>rMo ñdén, H¡$Úm§Zm {Xbo OmUmao OodU, OrdZe¡br `mMo gm_mÝ`m§Zm AmH$f©U AgVo. hoM AmH$f©U àojH$m§Zm IoMyZ AmUVo Am{U Ë`m§Zm AS>Hy$Z R>odÊ`mV {Z_m©Vo `eñdr R>aVmV. Vwé§JmVrb dmñVd nS>Úmda gmH$maÊ`m_mJo ~m°Šg Am°{\$gda H$_mB© H$aÊ`mMm hoVy XoIrb am{hbm Amho. AWm©V {MÌnQ>mVrb goQ> Am{U àË`j Vwé§J `mV O_rZ Añ_mZMm \$aH$ AgVmo. {MÌnQ>mVyZ Vwé§JmMo dmñVd gm§JUo hm CÔoe ZgVmo. Zm`H$mMo loð>Ëd {gÕ H$aÊ`mgmR>r Vwé§JmMm AmYma KoVbm OmVmo.
H¡$Xr, Vwé§JmÀ`m OrdZmda AmYm[aV qhXr {MÌnQ>m§Mr g§»`m ZJÊ`M Amho. ~hþVm§e {MÌnQ>mV Vwé§JmMo Ñí` H$mhr {_{ZQ>m§gmR>r XmIdbo OmVo. H$Yr Zm`H$mbm Vwé§JmVrb Jw§S> _mahmU H$aVmV Va H$Yr H$Yr {ZXm}fËd {gÕ H$aÊ`mgmR>r Zm`H$ bmoI§S>r JO dmH$dyZ \$ama hmoVmo. H$mhrdoim Zm`H$ XJS> \$moS>VmZm {XgVmo Va H$mhrdoim nmo{bg A{YH$mè`m§H$Sy>Z Zm`H$mda WS>© {S>J«rMm dmna hmoVmZm {XgVmo. àg§Jr H¡$Xr Zm`H$ hm {dah JrV åhUVmo Va H$Yr H$Yr Vwé§JmVrb H¡$Xr gm_y{hH$ JrV åhUVmZm {XgVmV.
^maVr` {MÌnQ>m§Mm B{Vhmg nm{hbm Va Vwé§JmÀ`m Am`wî`mda 1947 _Ü`o gd©àW_ “Oob `mÌm’ hm {MÌnQ> àX{e©V Pmbm. JOmZZ OhmJraXma `m§À`m {X½Xe©ZmImbr V`ma Pmboë`m {MÌnQ>mV amO H$nya Am{U H$m[_Zr H$m¡eb `m§Mr à_wI ^y{_H$m hmoVr. 1981 _Ü`o Oob`mÌm ZmdmZoM nwÝhm EH$ {MÌnQ> Ambm. Vmo \$ma Mmbbm Zmhr. gmoham~ _moXr `m§Zr XoIrb Ooba `m ZmdmZo 1958 _Ü`o {MÌnQ> gmH$mabm. hm {MÌnQ> Ë`m§Mm 1938 _Yë`m {MÌnQ>mMm [a_oH$ hmoVm. AmVm aOZrH$m§V `m§Zr Amnë`m Zì`m {MÌnQ>mMo Zmd “Ooba’ R>odbo Amho.
H$¡Úm§V gwYmaUm
1957 _Ü`o ìhr. em§Vmam_ `m§Zr “Xmo Am§Io ~mah hmW’ {MÌnQ> V`ma Ho$bm. H¡$Úm§V gwYmaUm KS>dyZ AmUUmè`m Vwé§Jm{YH$mè`mdaMm hm {MÌnQ> AmVmn`ªVMm gdm}Îm_ Amho Am{U {deof åhUOo hm gË`KQ>Zoda AmYm[aV [MÌnQ> Amho. B§J«OmÀ`m amOdQ>rV nwÊ`mOdirb Am¢Y amOKamÊ`mVrb EH$m emgH$mZo EH$ Am`[ae _mZgmonMma Vkmg Hw$»`mV JwÝhoJmam§Zm _moH$ù`m Vwé§JmV R>oD$Z Ë`m§À`mV gwYmaUm H$aÊ`mÀ`m à`moJmbm nadmZJr {Xbr hmoVr. `m KQ>Zoda AmYm[aV pìh. em§Vmam_ `m§Zr “Xmo Am§Io ~mah hmW’ V`ma Ho$bm.
_{hbm H¡$Úm§Mr pñWVr
Vwé§Jmbm H|$ÐñWmZr R>oD$Z qhXr {MÌnQ> {Z_m©Ë`m§Zr H$mhr A{^OmV {MÌnQ>hr {Xbo. ~§{XZr (1963) hm {d_b am°` `m§Mr Aà{V_ H$bmH¥$Vr>. `m {MÌnQ>mV ZyVZ Am{U Y_]Ð `m§Mr à_wI ^y[_H$m hmoVr. {d_b am°` `m§Zr Vwé§JmV Agboë`m _{hbm§Mr _mZ{gH$ pñWVr Am{U Ë`m§Mm EH$mH$snUm `mda {MÌnQ> gmH$mabm hmoVm.
H$mbmnmZr, J§JmOb
amO Imogbm `m§À`m {X½Xe©ZmImbr V`ma Pmbobm 1958 amoOrMm {MÌnQ> “H$mbmnmZr’ _Ü`o XodmZ§X `mMr à_wI ^y{_H$m hmoVr. {Zînmn d{S>bm§Zm Vwé§JmVyZ ~mhoa H$mT>Ê`mgmR>r EH$ _wbJm H$m`Xoera bT>mB© H$aVm, Ago Ë`mMo H$WmZH$ Amho. àH$me Pm `m§Mm J§JmOb XoIrb {~hmaÀ`m ^mJbnyaÀ`m Vwé§JmV KS>boë`m KQ>Zoda AmYm[aV Amho. `m {R>H$mUr H¡$Úm§Mo S>moio \$moS>Ê`mMm àH$ma KS>bm hmoVm. Ë`mMdoir g§O` XÎmMm ~m`mo{nH$ “g§Oy’ _Ü`o Vwé§JmVrb dmñVd XmI{dÊ`mV Ambo Amho. gb_mZ ImZ `m§Zr XoIrb Mma {MÌnQ>mV Vwé§JmMo Ñí` Ho$bo Amho. 2014 _Ü`o “O` hmo’ _Ü`o gb_mZ hm EH$m ZoË`mÀ`m hË`oàH$aUr Vwé§JmV OmVmo. ~Oa§Jr ^mB©OmZ _Ü`o Ë`mbm nm{H$ñVmÀ`m VwéJ§mV Q>mH$bo OmVo. Mmoa _MmE eoma, ga~{OV, H¡$Xr Z§~a 911, hdmbmV, N>moQ>oo {_`m± ~S>o {_`m± `mgma»`m {MÌQ>mVyZ Vwé§JmMo Xe©Z KS>{dbo Amho. ^maVr` {MÌnQ>mÀ`m B{VhmgmV {dH«$_ H$aUmè`m emobo {MÌnQ>mV “E§J«O Ho$ O_mZo Ho$ Ooba’ Agm g§dmX H$aUmao AgamZr `m§Mr ^y{_H$m AmOhr {VVH$sM bmoH${à` Amho. emoboVrb Vwé§JmVrb àg§J hm àojH$mMo _Zmoa§OZ H$aUmam R>abm. gZr XodbMm “Km`b’ {MÌnQ>mVrb Vwé§JmVbm ì`m`m_ H$moU {dgaob. Vwé§JmVyZ ^w`ma H$aV Vmo ~Xbm KoÊ`mgmR>r AÝ` H¡$Úm§g_doV ~mhoa nS>Vmo. gZr Xodb XoIrb {MÌnQ>mÀ`m Vwé§JmV AZoH$Xm OmdyZ Ambm Amho.
“Oob’_Yrb JXu
2009 _Ü`o _Ywa ^m§S>maH$aZo AZoH$ g§emoYZm§Z§Va “Oob’ {MÌnQ> V`ma Ho$bm Am{U Vmo dmñVdmer {_iVmOwiVm hmoVm. EH$ VéU EH$m H$maUm_wio Vwé§JmV OmVmo Am{U Vwé§JmVrb JXuV `oUmao AZw^d XmIdV {gZo_m nwT>o gaH$Vmo. 2017 _Ü`o aU{OV {Vdmar {X½X{e©V EH$m H¡$ÚmÀ`m OrdZmda AmYm[aV “bIZm¡ g|Q´>b’ hm {MÌnQ> H¡$ÚmÀ`m _mZ{gH$ pñWVrMo Xe©Z KS>dUmam hmoVm. Ë`mMdoir XmCX B~«m{h_À`m ~{hUrda gmH$mabobm hgrZm nmaH$a XoIrb Vwé§JmVrb OrdZmda àH$me Q>mH$Umam hmoVm. 1986 amoOr gw^mf KB©Mm “H$_m©’ `mMo _yi H$WmZH$ Vwé§JmdaM AmYmabobm hmoVm.
{MÌnQ>mMo H$WmZH$ Am{U dmñVd
Vwé§J hm {Z_m©Ë`m§gmR>r Zoh_rM Hw$VwhbmMm {df` am{hbm Amho Am{U àojH$m§gmR>r Vo EImÚm JwT> H$WogmaIo AgVo. Vwé§JmVrb {díd, H$moR>S>rMo ñdén, H¡$Úm§Zm {Xbo OmUmao OodU, OrdZe¡br `mMo gm_mÝ`m§Zm AmH$f©U AgVo. hoM AmH$f©U àojH$m§Zm IoMyZ AmUVo Am{U Ë`m§Zm AS>Hy$Z R>odÊ`mV {Z_m©Vo `eñdr R>aVmV. Vwé§JmVrb dmñVd nS>Úmda gmH$maÊ`m_mJo ~m°Šg Am°{\$gda H$_mB© H$aÊ`mMm hoVy XoIrb am{hbm Amho. AWm©V {MÌnQ>mVrb goQ> Am{U àË`j Vwé§J `mV O_rZ Añ_mZMm \$aH$ AgVmo. {MÌnQ>mVyZ Vwé§JmMo dmñVd gm§JUo hm CÔoe ZgVmo. Zm`H$mMo loð>Ëd {gÕ H$aÊ`mgmR>r Vwé§JmMm AmYma KoVbm OmVmo. Oa Ago ZgVo Va H$m{b`m (1981) _Ü`o A{_Vm^ ~ƒZ ho Vwé§JmV AgVmZm g§dmX ~moby eH$bo ZgVo. “h_ Ohm± IS>o hmoVo, bmBZ dhm± go ewê$$hmoVr h¡’. AWm©V Ym{_©H$ nm¡am{UH$, Eo{Vhm{gH$ {MÌnQ>mV XoIrb ~§XrJ¥h XmIdÊ`mV Ambo Amho. nU EImXm ì`º$s {MÌnQ>m§nmgyZ EImXr àoaUm KoD$Z EImXo Mm§Jbo H$m_ H$aVrb qH$dm ñdV:_Ü`o ~Xb KS>dyZ AmUVrb, Agm H$mi am{hbm Zmhr. AmVm Ago H$mhrM KS>V Zmhr. – gmoZ_ na~
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