H$mhr {Xdgm§nydu àX{e©V Pmboë`m “A°ìh|Og©Z E§S>Jo_’ `m {MÌnQ>mnmR>r OJ^amVrb VéUmB© doS>r Pmcr Amho. ^maVmV Va àË`oH$mÀ`m S>moŠ`mV Ho$di “A°ìh|Og©’ {MÌnQ>mMrM H«o$P Amho. Vã~b 2400 ê$n`o IMy©Z {V{H$Q> {dH$V KoÊ`mn`ªV H$mhtZm `mMm _moh Amdacm Zmhr. H$m_ Ym_ gmoSy>Z H$mhrhr H$ê$Z {_idboë`m {VH$sQ>mda S>moù`mMr nmnUr Z bdVmhr VrZ Vmgm§Mm A°ìh|Og© àojH$m§Zr nm{hcm. `mdéZ “A°ìh|Oa EÝS>Jo_’ {MÌnQ>m_Ü`o H$mhrVar Img Jmoï> AgUma ho {ZpíMV. VWm{n, “A°ìhoOg©’ Am{U BVahr H$mhr hm°brdyS>Mo {MÌnQ> ^maVr` àojH$m§Zm BVH$s ^wai H$m nmS>VmV?
“A°ìh|Og©’gma»`m AZoH$ {MÌnQ>m§Zr ^maVr` àojH$m§da Amncr OmXÿ H$m`_ R>odcr Amho. `m {MÌnQ>m§Zr ^maVmV `emMo Zdo Zdo {dH«$_hr Zm|Xdco AmhoV. Owam{gH$ nmH©$, Q>m`Q>°{ZH$, h°ar nm°Q>a, ñnm`S>a_°Z `m§gma»`m {MÌnQ>m§Zrhr AgoM H$mhr {dH«$_ Ho$bo AmhoV. “A°‹ìh|Og©’hm hm°brdyS>nQ> OJ^amV `eñdr Pmbm AmhoM nU ^maVmVhr ì`dgm`mMo AZoH$ aoH$m°S>© VmoS>bo AmhoV. _m~©b ñQw>{S>`mo {Z{_©V `m {MÌnQ>mZoo ^a^ŠH$_ H$_mB© Ho$br Amho. àXe©ZmZ§VaÀ`m Xþgè`m AmR>dS>çmn`ªV ^maVr` ~m°Šg Am°{\$gda `m {MÌnQ>mZo Vã~c 312. 95 H$moQ>r én`m§Mr H$_mB© Ho$cr Amho. 26 E{àb amoOr àX{e©V PmboÀ`m `m {MÌnQ>mZo n{hë`mM AmR>dS>çmV 260 H$moQ>r J„m O_dbm Va Xþgè`m AmR>dS>çmV 52 H$moQ>r ê$n`m§Mm ì`dgm` Ho$bm. Ë`m_wio ñQ>ma dmg©… X \$mog© AdoH$Ýg, A°ìh|Og© BpÝ\${ZQ>r dm°a, Owam{gH$ dëS>© `m§gma»`m CÀMm§H$s H$_mB© H$aUmè`m {MÌnQ>m§À`m {dH«$_mer `m {MÌnQ>mZo ~amo~ar Ho$br Amho. ^maVmV {MÌnQ>m§À`m 300 H$moQ>r Šb~_Ü`o Vmo gm_rc Pmcm Amho. OJ^amMm {dMma H$aVm `m {MÌnQ>mZo Vã~b 14 AãO ê$n`m§hÿZ A{YH$ H$_mB© Ho$br Amho.
^maVmV gdm©{YV H$_mB© H$aUmam Am{U 300 H$moQ>r én`m§À`m OmXþB© AmH$S>çmcm ñne© H$aUmè`m `m {MÌnQ>mZo Amnë`mM grarO_Yë`m “A°ìh|Og© – BpÝ\${ZQ>r dm°a’ `m {MÌnQ>mcmhr _mJo Q>mH$bo Amho. `m {MÌnQ>mZo ^maVmV 227.43 H$moQ>r ê$n`m§Mr H$_mB© Ho$br hmoVr. “A°ìh|Og© E§S>Jo_’ hm {MÌnQ> ^maVmV B§J«Or~amo~a qhXr, Vm{_i Am{U VobwJy `m EHy$U Mma ^mfm§_Ü`o _Ü`o àX{e©V Pmbm. `m {MÌnQ>mÀ`m H$_mB©Mo darb AmH$S>o ho Mmahr ^mfm§Vrb {MÌnQ>mMo {_iyZ Amho.
“A°ìh|Og© E§S>Jo_’ Mr H$Wm…
øm {MÌnQ>mMr H$Wm AË`§V a§OH$ Amho. ~«÷m§S> g§ndÊ`mMm CÔoe AgUmam EH$ IbZm`H$ Am{U Ë`mbm Wm§~dy nmhmUmao gwna{hamoO `m§^modVr ho H$WmZH$ {\$aVo. W¡Zmog (Omoe ~«mo{bZ) À`m {damoYmV Am`Z© _°Z (am°~Q>© S>mD$Zr), H°$ßQ>Z A_o[aH$m ({H«$g Bdm§g), Wmoa ({H«$g h¡ågdW©), hëH$(_mH©$ a\o$bmo), ãb°H$ {dS>mo(ñH$mb}Q> OmohmZgZ), Oao_r aoZa, E|Q> _¡Z(nm°b aS>), H°$ßQ>Z _md©b(~«r bmg©Z) `m gdmªZr EH$Ì hmoV `wÕ nwH$mabo Amho. dmñV{dH$ A±Q> _°Z (nmob aS>) `m gd© gwna{hamoOZm `oD$Z gm§JVmo H$s ¹$m§Q>_ {WAarÀ`m _XVrZo Vmo ^yVH$mimV OmD$Z W°ZmogÀ`m AmYr Vo _Ur {_idy eH$bo Va BpÝ\${ZQ>r dm°aÀ`m pñWVrnmgyZ ~Mmd hmoD$ eH$Vmo. Ë`m `wÕmV Á`m Amnë`m bmoH$m§Zm J_dmdo bmJbo hmoVo Ë`m§Zmhr nwÝhm naV AmUVm `oB©b. nU ho gd© OU ¹$mQ>§_ {WAarÀ`m _XVrZo ^yVH$mimV OmD$Z {d{dY OmJm§dê$Z Vo _Ur {_idy eH$Vrb H$m? W°ZmogÀ`m dmB©Q>nUmMm A§V hmoB©b H$m? ho A°ìh|Og© Amnë`m ào_mÀ`m _mUgm§Zm naV AmUy eH$Vrb H$m? gwna {hamoOMm à^md H$m`_ amhÿ eH$Vmo H$m? `m gd© àíZm§Mr CÎmao Am{U H$WoVrb {d{dY diUo àojH$m§Zm _ZmnmgyZ AmdS>cr
{MÌnQ>mVrb gd©M H$cmH$mam§Mm A{^Z` CÎm_M Pmbm Amho. WmZmog – Omoe ~«mo{bZ Va AJXr bmO©a X°Z bmB©\$M dmQ>Vmo. {MÌnQ>mÀ`m H$Wo~amo~a Ë`mMo nmíd©g§JrVhr O~aXñV Amho. ñnoeb B\o$ŠQ>À`m ~m~VrV A°ìh|Og© BVa {MÌnQ>m§À`m VwbZoV AJXrM Cƒ XOm©Mo AmhoV. A{^Z`mMm {dMma H$aVm 11 dfmªnmgyZ gd©M nmÌo àojH$m§Zm ~m§YyZ R>odÊ`mV `eñdr Pmbr AmhoV Am{U eodQ>n`ªV Vr X_Xma AmhoV. W°ZmogÀ`m nmÌmV Omoe ~«mo{bZZo Va Vmo A°ìh|Og©_Yrb gdm©V C_Xm IbZm`H$ Agë`mMo {gÕM Ho$bo Amho.
H$WoV VrZ H$mbI§S>… “A°ìh|Og© ‘{MÌnQ>mÀ`m grarO Mr H$Wm VrZ Q>ßß`mV gm§{JVbr Amho. AmÎmmn`ªV 21 {MÌnQ> V`ma Pmbo Amho. eodQ>Mm H$mi Amho Vmo 22 dm AIoaMm {MÌnQ> “EÝS>Jo_’. {MÌnQ>mMm n{hbm H$mbI§S> 5 H$Wm§_YyZ gm§JÊ`mV Ambm. Xþgè`m_Ü`o 6 H$Wm Am{U AmVm grarOÀ`m eodQ>mbm {Vgè`m \o$O_Ü`o eodQ>Mm ^mJ XmIdÊ`mV Ambm Amho. Ë`mZ§Va “A°ìhoOg© EÝS>Jo_’Z§Va hr gr[aO g§nVo.
“EÝS>Jo_’ Mr {Z{_©Vr hm°brdyS>Mr gwà{gÕ g§ñWm _md©b {gZo_°{Q>H$ `w{Zdg© À`m _md©b ñQw>{S>Amo Ho$br Amho. _md©b `w{Zìhg© Zo OJà{gÕ _md©b H$m°{_Šg À`m bmoH${à` nmÌm§da AmYm[aV Amnbm n{hbm {MÌnQ> “Am`aZ _°Z’ Mr {Z{_©Vr 2008 _Ü`o Pmbr hmoVr. Ë`mbm àojH$m§Mm Mm§Jbm Vw\$mZ à{VgmX {_imbm Ë`m_wio EH$m nmR>monmR> gwna {hamo§Mo {MÌnQ> `oD$ bmJbo. “A°ìh|Og© EÝS>Jo_’ hm `m l¥I§boVrb 22 dm {MÌnQ> Amho. Va “EÝS>Jo_ A°ìh|Og©’ Mm Mm¡Wm gr¹o$b Amho. `m {MÌnQ>mZ§Va `m {MÌnQ>mMr hr gmIir BWoM g§nob.
{h§Xr àojH$m§À`m _Zmda Jmê$S> Ho$bobm “Q>m`Q>°{ZH$’… 1997 _Ü`o àX{e©V Pmboë`m “Q>m`Q>°{ZH$’ `m {MÌnQ>mZo g§nyU© OJmbm doS>M bmdbo hmoVo. ^maVmV qhXr g_doV AÝ` joÌr` ^mfm§_Ü`o hm {MÌnQ> àX{e©V Pmbm hmoVm. Ë`mbm àojH$m§Mm àM§S> à{VgmX {_imbm. {MÌnQ>mMm ì`dgm` åhUmb Va `m {MÌnQ>mZo OJ^amV Vã~b 2,186,772,302 S>m°bg© H$_mB© Ho$br.
“AdVma’… gwna Sw>na {hQ> Agm hm {MÌnQ>. 2009 _Ü`o Amboë`m `m A_o[aH$Z E{nH$ {MÌnQ>mZo gd© aoH$m°S>© _moS>bo AmhoV. hm aoH$m°S>© Joë`m AmR> dfm©V H$moUË`mhr {MÌnQ>mbm _moS>Vm Ambm ZìhVm. `m {MÌnQ>mZo Vã~b 2, 787,965,087 S>m°bg© Mr H$_mB© Ho$br Amho. OJmVrb gdm©V OmñV H$_mB© H$aUmam {MÌnQ> åhUyZ Vmo à{gÕ Amho. ^maVmV hm°brdyS>Mm gdm©V OmñV H$_mB© H$aUmam {MÌnQ> åhUOo AdVma.
“ñQ>ma dm°g©… X \$mog© AdH|$g’… 2015 _Ü`o Amboë`m `m {MÌnQ>mZo Vã~b 2,068,178,225 S>m°bg© Mr H$_mB© Ho$br Am{U “Owam{gH$ dëS>©’ `m {MÌnQ>mbmhr _mJo Q>mH$V {Vgè`m H«$_m§H$mda Ambm. qhXr ^m{fH$ bmoH$ AmOhr hm {MÌnQ> nmhmÊ`mg CËgwH$ AgVmV.
“Owam{gH$ dëS>©’… 2015 _Ü`o hm {MÌnQ> àX{e©V Pmbm. g§nyU© OJm_Ü`o 152.5 H$moQ>r S>m°bg© åhUOo Vã~b 9750 H$moQ>r ê$n`m§Mm J„m O_dbm hmoVm. ^maVr` {gZo_m§ì`V[aº$ Q>rìhrda nm{hbm OmUmam bmoH${à` {MÌnQ> åhUOo Owam{gH$ dëS>©.
“X A°ìh|Og©’… A°ìhoOg© grarO _Yrb gd© {MÌnQ>m§Zr ~m°Šg Am°{\$g da dM©ñd JmOdbo. 2012 _Ü`o Amboë`m `m {MÌnQ>mZo ^anya H$_mB© Ho$br Am{U aoH$m°S>© Ho$bo. Vã~b 151. 5 H$moQ>r S>m°bg© åhUOo Vã~b 9700 H$moQ>r ê$n`m§Mr H$_mB© Ho$br. qhXr Am{U joÌr` ^mfm§_Ü`o `mbm Iyn ng§Vr {_imbr.
â`w[aAg 7… {MÌnQ>m§_Ü`o S>oH$mS>© em°, S>mo{_{ZH$ Q>moa|Q>mo Am{U Ë`mÀ`m Hw$Qw>§~mda ~Xbm KoVmo. Ooåg dm°Z Zo {X½X{e©V Ho$boë`m {MÌnQ>mV {dZ S>rOb, S‰>oZ Om°ÝgZ Am{U OoZg ñQ>¡W_ gmaIo H$bmH$ma gm_rb AmhoV. `m {MÌnQ>mZo 9734.25 H$moQ>rMr H$_mB© OJ^amV Ho$br Amho.
“A°ìho§Og©… EO Am°\$ AëQ´>m°Z’… Omog doXm°Z Zo {X½X{e©V Ho$boë`m `m {MÌnQ>m_Ü`o am°~Q>© S>mD$Zr Á`w{ZAa, {H«$g BìhmÝg, _mH©$ a\o$bmo Am{U {H«$g h°ågdW© Zo A{^Z` Ho$bm Amho. ì`dgm`mMm Ñï>rZo nm{hbo Va `m {MÌnQ>mZo 9085.0 H$moQ>r ê$n`m§Mr H$_mB© Ho$br Amho.
“h°ar nm°Q>a A±S> S>oWbr hmobmog… nmQ>© 2’… 2011 _Ü`o àX{e©V Pmboë`m `m {MÌnQ>mV S>°{ZAb a°S>pŠb\$, Eå_m dm°Q>gZ, ê$nQ>© J«m§Q>, _m`H$b J°~m°Z gma»`m {X½JO H$bmH$mam§Zr A{^Z` Ho$bm Amho. `m {MÌnQ>mMo {X½Xe©Z S>o{dS> `oQ>g Zo Ho$bo Amho. OJ^amV `m {MÌnQ>mZo 8757.99 H$moQ>r§Mr H$_mB© Ho$br Amho.
– gmoZ_ na~
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