बदलते सिनेजगत

1947 Mm H$mi ^maVr` {MÌnQ> g¥ï>rÀ`m Ñï>rZo d¡^dmMm H$mi hmoVm. ~hþVoH$ Mm§Jbo gm_m{OH$ {MÌnQ> Ë`mM H$mimV V`ma Pmbo Am{U gwna{hQ> R>abo. ^maVr` {MÌnQ>m§Mo JrV, g§JrVmMm Va hm gwdU©H$mi hmoVm. gwê$dmVrbm Amnë`m {MÌnQ>m§Mr WÅ>m Pmbr; nU Z§Va hm XoemMm gdmªV _moR>m CÚmoJ ~Zbm. AmO{‘Vrbm ^maVr¶ {MÌnQ>g¥ï>r df©^amV Odinmg 180 AãO én¶m§Mr CbmT>mb H$aVo. nU hOmamo, Zìho, bmImo bhmZ-Wmoa H$bmH$ma Am{U V§Ìkm§Mr hr ‘Zmohmar Xþ{Z¶m e§^a Q>¸o$ bmoH$ml¶mda OJUmar Amho. H$moamoZm_wio Joë`m VrZ _{hÝ`m§nmgyZ {gZo_mJ¥ho ~§X Agë`mZo hm {gZoCÚmoJ ~§X Amho. `oUmè`m H$mimV BWo AZoH$ n[adV©Z§ KS>Uma AmhoV.
Amnë`m XoemVrb {MÌnQ> g§nyU© Xoembm EH$ gwÌmV ~m§YVmV. Vo amï´>r` EH$mË_Vm OmonmgVmV. Joë`m 100 dfmªnmgyZ {MÌnQ> ^maVr`m§gmR>r noZ{H$baMo H$m_ H$aVo. {MÌnQ> Amnë`mgmR>r Ho$di {dH$EÝS>Mr A°pŠQ>pìhQ>r Zmhr Va Vr Amnë`mbm amoOMm Ìmg Am{U ~oMd OrdZmnmgyZ H$mhr doi hmoB©Zm Zm`H$-Zm{`H$m ~ZÊ`mMr g§YrgwÕm XoVo. _moR>çm nS>Úmda Z¥Ë`-JmUr nmhyZ gm_mÝ` _mUyg Amnbm gd© Ìmg jU^a {dgaVmo. ñdßZm§Mo ì`mnmar H$mhr ê$n`m§V gm_mÝ` _mUgmbm gwIr OrdZmMm _mJ© XmI{dVmV.
{MÌnQ>mMm emoY bmJbm Ë`mdoir H$moUmbmhr H$ënZm ZìhVr H$s, {dkmZ{Y{ð>V ho _mÜ`_ Amnë`m XoemV BVHo$ bmoH${à` hmoB©b. hm M_ËH$ma Aem_wio Pmbm H$s, {MÌnQ> H$hmUr gm§JÊ`mMmM EH$ àH$ma Amho. Amnbm Xoe H$hmUr EoH$Umè`m§Mm Xoe Amho. Amnë`m XoemV H$moUVrhr na§nam H$mb~mø hmoV Zmhr. AmO Q>oŠZm°bm°OrÀ`m `wJmVhr bmdUr, V_mem, Zm¡Q>§H$s OÌm gyê$M AmhoV. a§J_§M AmOhr ApñVÎdmV Amho. H$WmdmMH$ AmO KamoKar OmD$Z g§Vmofr _mVm Am{U gË`Zmam`UmMr H$Wm gm§JVmV. Xoe {H$Vrhr AmYw{ZH$ Pmbm Var AmOhr AZoH$ ehamV nwbmImbr ~¡bJmS>r OmVmZm {XgVo. Ë`mMà_mUo _moR>çm ehamV AmYw{ZH$ _pëQ>âboŠg gmo~VM qgJb pñH«$ZMr OwÝ`m O_mÝ`mMr {MÌnQ> J¥hogwÕm gwê$ AmhoV.
Amnë`m XoemV 3 _o 1913 amoOr Ym|S>ramO Jmo[d§X `m§Zr n{hbm {MÌnQ> “amOm h[aíM§Ð’ àX{e©V Ho$bm Va VËnydu XmXmgmho~ VmoaUo `m§Mm ^º$ nw§S>{bH$ {MÌnQ>mMm _mJ© XmIdyZ Jobm. n{hë`m 10 dfmªVM EHy$U 91 {MÌnQ> V`ma Pmbo. Vo gd© nm¡am{UH$ Am»`m{`Ho$da AmYm[aV hmoVo. Z§Va gm_m{OH$ {MÌnQ> V`ma hmoD$ bmJbo. `mZ§Va Eo{Vhm{gH$ {MÌnQ>m§Mo `wJ Ambo. Ë`mZ§Va ^yV-àoVmda AmYmabobo {MÌnQ> V`ma Pmbo; nU `m {MÌnQ>m§Mr ~¡R>H$ nm¡am{UH$M hmoVr. 1913-1947 `m H$mimV Xoe^º$sÀ`m {df`mda {MÌnQ> V`ma Pmbo Ë`mM doir nwUo `oWo à^mV {\$ë_ H§$nZr ñWmnZ Pmbr. Ë`mV à»`mV {MÌnQ> {Z_m©Vo {X½Xe©H$ ìhr. em§Vmam_ (em§Vmam_ dUHw$Xo) `m§Zr AZoH$ {MÌnQ> V`ma Ho$bo. Ë`mdoir gd© H$bmH$ma, Q>opŠZ{e`Z Am{U A{^ZoVo, A{^ZoÌr nJmamda H$m_ H$arV AgV. S>çwQ>rMr doi gH$mir 9 Vo g§Ü`mH$mir 6 dmOon`ªV Ago. Ë`mdoir gmoham~ _moXr Eo{Vhm{gH$ {MÌnQ>m§Mo VÁk g_Obo OmV.
ñdmV§Í` MidirÀ`m H$mimV ñdmV§Í`mMr KmofUm H$aÊ`mMm _whÿV© H$mT>Ê`mV Ambm hmoVm. ñdV§Ì ^maVmVMr Hw§$S>brgwÕm V`ma H$aÊ`mV Ambr hmoVr. XoemÀ`m Hw§$S>br_Ü`o {MÌnQ> CÚmoJmMm J«hgwÕm _mZmÀ`m {R>H$mUr hmoVm Am{U Amnbm ^maVgwÕm EH$m {MÌnQ>mà_mUoM “AmYr h{H$H$V AmYm \$gmZm’ Pmbm. XoemÀ`m Hw§$S>brV EH$ AO~ \$bmXoe hmoVm. Vmo Agm H$s, Xoe AgyZhr Vmo XoemMm EH$ ^«_ Agob. amOH$maUmV A{^ZoVo gm_rb hmoVrb Am{U Zr{Vda Zìho Va bharda {ZdS>UwH$m hmoVrb. Amnë`m XoemÀ`m H$ë`mUmÀ`m R>oHo$Xmam§Zr ñdmV§Í`mMr ZrQ> ì`m»`mM Ho$br Zmhr. {MÌnQ> joÌmMrhr `mo½` H$miOr KoVbr Zmhr. Vgo nmhVm 1947 Mm H$mi ^maVr` {MÌnQ> g¥ï>rÀ`m Ñï>rZo d¡^dmMm H$mi hmoVm. ~hþVoH$ Mm§Jbo gm_m{OH$ {MÌnQ> Ë`mM H$mimV V`ma Pmbo Am{U gwna{hQ> R>abo. ^maVr` {MÌnQ>m§Mo JrV, g§JrVmMm Va hm gwdU©H$mi hmoVm. gwê$dmVrbm Amnë`m {MÌnQ>m§Mr WÅ>m Pmbr; nU Z§Va hm XoemMm gdmªV _moR>m CÚmoJ ~Zbm. `mZ§Va a§JrV {MÌnQ>mMo `wJ Ambo Am{U {MÌnQ> V`ma H$aÊ`mMm IM© IynM dmT>bm. Ë`m_wio {MÌnQ> {Z_m©Vo Amnbo ZwH$gmZ hmoD$ Z`o åhUyZ _gmbm {MÌnQ> V`ma H$ê$ bmJbo Am{U Ë`m§Zm gm_m{OH$ O~m~XmarMm {dga nS>bm. `mM H$mimV H$mhr AmQ>© (H$bm) {MÌnQ> V`ma Pmbo. Ë`mVyZ XoemMo Iao {MÌ {Xgy bmJbo. `mZ§Va AZoH$ dfmªZr JmooqdX {ZhbmZrMm “AY©gË`’ {MÌnQ> àX{e©V Pmbm. `m {MÌnQ>mV g_mOmMm AmH«$moe {XgyZ Ambm. VËnydu “A§Hy$a’ Am{U “{Zem§V’ gma»`m {MÌnQ>m§Zr g_mOmMo Iao {MÌ nwT>o AmUbo. `mZ§Va 1991 nmgyZ ½bmo~bm`PoeZMm O_Zm Ambm Am{U {MÌnQ>mV O~XñV n[adV©Z Pmbo. _pëQ>âboŠggmo~VM {MÌnQ> CÚmoJmV H$m°nm}aoQ> joÌmMo AmJ_Z Pmbo.
“h_ AmnHo$ h¡ H$m¡Z?’ {MÌnQ>mÀ`m `emZo {MÌnQ> joÌmV AZoH$ CÚmoJnVr Ambo. H$m°nm}aoQ> H§$nÝ`m Z\$m H$_{dUo Am{U ½b°_aÀ`m AmH$f©Um_wio {MÌnQ> joÌmV Amë`m. Ë`m§Zr gm_m{OH$ O~m~Xmar Am{U JwUdÎmoH$S>o bj {Xbo; na§Vw AmVm ^maVr` {MÌnQ>mV ^maVr` g_mO {XgV Zmhr. Amnbr g§gX, {gZo_m Am{U g_mOmVrb AZ¡{VH$Vm Xþb©{jV Pmbr Amho. {MÌnQ>m§Zr Amnë`m Xoembm Q>opŠZH$bÑîQ>çm hm°{bdyS>À`m nmVirda nmohM{dbo; nU 60 dfmªnydu ^maVr` {MÌnQ>mMo ~OoQ> H$mhr bmImMoM Ago. Vo AmO H$moQ>çdYrV nmohMbo Amho. Amnë`m {MÌnQ>g¥ï>rZo AZoH$ gwnañQ>ma V`ma Ho$bo. OwÝ`m O_mÝ`mV Á`mdoir, {XcrnHw$_ma, ZyVZ, _rZmH$_wmar BË`mXr AZoH$ H$bmH$ma Xa_hm nJmamdaM H$m_ H$arV hmoVo Am{U _w§~B©À`m bmoH$b Q´>oZ_YyZ àdmg H$arV hmoVo; na§Vw AmO {MÌnQ> H$bmd§Vm§À`m KamV bú_r Zm§XV AgVo. lr_§VrMm hm M_ËH$ma AmVm gdmªÀ`m g_jM Amho.
AmO{‘Vrbm ^maVr¶ {MÌnQ>g¥ï>r df©^amV Odinmg 180 AãO én¶m§Mr CbmT>mb H$aVo. nU hOmamo, Zìho, bmImo bhmZ-Wmoa H$bmH$ma Am{U V§Ìkm§Mr hr ‘Zmohmar Xþ{Z¶m e§^a Q>¸o$ bmoH$ml¶mda OJUmar Amho. H$moamoZm_wio Joë`m VrZ _{hÝ`m§nmgyZ {gZo_mJ¥ho ~§X Agë`mZo hm {gZoCÚmoJ ~§X Amho. `oUmè`m H$mimV BWo AZoH$ n[adV©Z§ KS>Uma AmhoV. AZoH$ {Z`_m§Mr _m{cH$m AmVm gwéhr Pmcr Amho. d`mod¥Õ H$cmH$mam§Zm goQ>da `oÊ`mg _ZmB© Ho$cr OmV Amho. `mIoarO {MÌnQ>m§Mm “àmU’ ~Zcoë`m Mw§~ZÑí`m§da, B§{Q>_oQ> grÝgda AmVm H$amoZm_wio ~§YZo `oUma AmhoV. {gZo‘mJ¥h§ H$Yr CKS>Vrb, àojH$m§Mm {H$Vr à{VgmX {‘iob ¶mgmaIo àý AOyZhr AZwÎm[aV Agë¶m‘wio {Z‘m©Ë¶m§darb VUmd dmT>V Amho. {MÌnQ>m§Mr àXe©Z§ bm§~ë¶m‘wio {MÌnQ> {Z{‘©VrgmR>r KoVboë¶m aH$‘odarb ì¶mOgwÕm dmT>V Amho. ˶m‘wio ZmB©bmOmZo {MÌnQ>mbm {Vgè¶m nS>Úmda àX{e©V H$aʶmMm {ZU©¶ KoVbm OmVmo¶. {gZo‘mJ¥hmV OmD$Z {MÌnQ> ~KʶmV Am{U AmoQ>rQ>rda àX{e©V Pmbobm {MÌnQ> ~KʶmV Iyn ’$aH$ Amho. Q>rìhr qH$dm ‘mo~mBbda {MÌnQ> ~KʶmV {VVH$ser ‘Om ¶oV Zgë¶m‘wio {gZo‘mJ¥hmV OmD$Z {MÌnQ> nmhʶmMm AZw^d doJim AgVmo, Ag§ AZoH$m§M§ ‘V Amho. ˶m‘wio ‘moR>‘moR>r ~OoQ> Agboë¶m {MÌnQ>m§À¶m {Z‘m©Ë¶m§Zr AmoQ>rQ>rda àX{e©V H$aʶmg ZH$ma {Xbm¶. `oUmè`m H$mimV hm _Zmoa§OZ CÚmoJ H$em àH$mao dmQ>Mmc H$aVmo ho nmhUo Am¡ËgwŠ`mMo R>aUma Amho.
– gmoZ_ na~